Course syllabus for Fluid mechanics

- conduct industrial development work in the area of fluid mechanics - apply control volume formulations, differential formulations and similarity laws - account for basic phenomena and methods for treating turbulent flows and compressible flows

1. Explain the difference between a fluid and a solid in terms of forces and deformation

2. Understand and be able to explain the viscosity concept

3. Define the Reynolds number

4. Be able to categorize a flow and have knowledge about how to select applicable methods for the analysis of a specific flow based on category

5. Explain the difference between Lagrangian and Eulerian frame of reference and know when to use which approach

6. Explain what a boundary layer is and when/where/why it appears

7. Explain the concepts: streamline, pathline and streakline

8. Understand and be able to explain the concept shear stress

9. Know how to do a force balance for fluid element (forces and pressure gradients)

10. Understand and explain buoyancy and cavitation

11. Solve problems involving hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy

12. Define Reynolds transport theorem using the concepts control volume and system

13. Derive the control volume formulation of the continuity, momentum, and energy equations using Reynolds transport theorem and solving problems using those relations

14. Derive the continuity, momentum and energy equations on differential form

15. Derive and use the Bernoulli equation (using the relation includes having knowledge about its limitations)

16. Understand and explain the concept Newtonian fluid

17. Knowledge about how to use nondimensional numbers and the PI theorem

18. Explain losses appearing in pipe flows

19. Explain the difference between laminar and turbulent pipe flow

20. Solve pipe flow problems using Moody charts

21. Explain how the flat plate boundary layer is developed (transition from laminar to turbulent flow)

22. Explain and use the Blasius equation

23. Define the Reynolds number for a flat plate boundary layer

24. Explain what is characteristic for a turbulent flow

25. Explain Reynolds decomposition and derive the RANS equations

26. Understand and explain the Boussinesq assumption and turbulent viscosity

27. Explain the difference between the regions in a boundary layer and what is characteristic for each of the regions (viscous sub layer, buffer region, log region)

28. Use von Karmans integral relation

29. Explain flow separation (separated cylinder flow)

30. Explain how to delay or avoid separation

31. Derive the boundary layer formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations

32. Understand and explain displacement thickness and momentum thickness

33. Understand, explain and use the concepts drag, friction drag, pressure drag, and lift

34. Understand and explain how the shape and surface roughness of an object affects drag

35. Measure forces on an object in a flow

36. Define and explain vorticity

37. Understand and explain basic concepts of compressible flows (the gas law, speed of sound, Mach number, isentropic flow with changing area, normal shocks, oblique shocks, Prandtl-Meyer expansion)

Basic concepts Control volume relations for mass, momentum, angular momentum and energy Differential equations for mass, momentum and energy Dimensional analysis and similarity Pipe flow Turbulence Boundary layer flow Compressible flow Design task 2 is covered by a CFD-tutorial where a 2D mesh is created and used to simulate the boundary layer (laminar and turbulent) on a flat plate. The software ICEM will be used for the meshing and Fluent to solve the equations describing the flow field. Measured boundary layer profiles in a wind tunnel using a flat plate are going to be provided. This data should be compared to the CFD simulations.

21 lectures 19 exercises The following parts are compulsory in the course 1 laboration 2 design tasks

Fluid Mechanics, Frank M. White, McGraw-Hill, New York

Written examination