Meet Nobel laureates in Gothenburg

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Image collage by Yen Strandqvist
Image collage by Yen Strandqvist

​If you are in Gothenburg and want to know more about the Nobel Prizes in chemistry, economics or peace, now is your chance to learn more. Five of this year’s Nobel laureates and one of the 2020 laureates in economics are coming to Chalmers, the University of Gothenburg and the School of Business, Economics and Law to hold open lectures for researchers, students and anyone else who is interested. ​

Nobel laureate lecture to come by Morten Meldal 24 January 2023
Link to registration 

Lectures by Nobel laureates in Chemistry, Piece and Economy were planned for December 2022.  

Their chemistry click is simplifiing the steps towards new discoveries 

The 2022 Nobel prize is about click chemistry, a method of building or combining different molecules that is used at many chemistry labs. The award is shared by Barry Sharpless from the United States, Morton Meldal from Denmark and Carolyn Bertozzi from the United States. All three are coming to Chalmers. 

The term click chemistry was coined around the year 2000 by Barry Sharpless, who is now receiving his second Nobel Prize in chemistry. It is a simple, reliable form of chemistry, in which reactions are quick and avoid undesirable by-products. Immediately after and independently of each other, Barry Sharpless and Morten Meldal presented what is referred to as the crown jewel of click chemistry: the copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition mechanism. This is an elegant and efficient chemical reaction that has become widely used – among other things in the development of pharmaceuticals, DNA sequencing and the creation of more purpose-designed materials.

Carolyn Bertozzi took click chemistry to a new level. She developed a method to carry out cycloaddition without the copper catalyst, which allows it to be used in living organisms. Her method is now used globally to study cells and make biological processes visible. This has allowed researchers to develop more effective cancer medicines, several of which are now in the clinical trial stage. 

Simplifies the work in the lab and speeds up processes  

Nina Kann, professor at the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Chalmers, has been regularly employing click chemistry for over 15 years. There has long been speculation that the method will garner a Nobel Prize, and Kann’s happiness that it has finally happened is both tangible and infectious. Listening to Nina Kann it becomes obvious that click chemistry contributes in pushing the research forward and has a bigger impact in our lives than most of us know of.

“Click chemistry has meant a lot to us chemists, but its benefit is much more far-reaching than that,” she says. The method simplifies lab work and allows us to speed up processes. For some reactions that are important in research, we can even order ready-made basic materials designed to be used in click reactions.”

She uses click chemistry in her research to develop biosensors that can detect various diseases. Biochemistry is a major field of use for the Nobel prize-winning method, but at Chalmers it is also used to develop functional materials with new properties. One example is research on materials in a photovoltaic energy system that can absorb solar energy, store it for up to 18 years and then convert it to heat and electricity as needed. Another example is in research on the material graphene. 

Morten Grøtli, professor at the Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Gothenburg, has been following the development of click chemistry since its inception. He was a postdoctoral fellow in Morten Meldal’s research team when he presented his results in the early 2000s. 

“Morten Meldal was and is an incredibly skilled chemist; he thought out-of-the-box and was a real ideas man, a real inventor,” Grøtli says, pointing out that he was not a part of the Nobel prize-winning research.

These days Grøtli uses click chemistry to create bioactive molecules that can help us look into a cell and find out what is happening inside it. In his research, he often collaborates with colleagues at the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Chalmers. 

“Put simply, you can say that I am mostly the one who puts together the molecules, say, using click chemistry, and my colleagues characterise the substances,” Grøtli says.

Nina Kann and Morten Grøtli believe that the strong med tech industry in Gothenburg and its close collaboration with the academic world may be part of the reason that all of the 2022 Nobel laureates in chemistry are coming to the city and Chalmers. 

You can read more about other researchers who work at the University of Gothenburg and use click chemistry further down in the article.  

Dubble Peace Prize laureates working for human rights 

The Nobel Peace Prize 2022 was awarded to the Russian human rights organization Memorial together with the Belarusian human rights lawyer Ales Bialiatski and the Ukrainian Center for Civil Liberties.

The importance of documenting crimes against humanity and to make sure that the victims are never forgotten 

The human rights organization Memorial maintains the importance of documenting crimes against humanity in order to prevent future abuse. Part of their work has been centered around making sure the victims of the Soviet regime's oppression will never be forgotten. On the 14th of December, representatives of the organization will give a lecture at Chalmers.

Memorial was founded in 1987 by, among others, Nobel Peace Prize laureate Andrei Sakharov and human rights advocate Svetlana Gannushkina. In addition to documenting victims of Stalin's terror, the organization has also compiled information about repression in today's Russia. The organization fights militarism and promotes human rights. Memorial was the most authoritative source of information on political prisoners in Russian detention facilities. Recently, Memorial's headquarters in Moscow were seized and closed.

​Promotes human rights and democracy in Ukraine 

The Center for Civil Liberties was founded in Kyiv in 2007 with the aim of promoting human rights and democracy in Ukraine. One of their priorities has been to advocate for Ukraine to join the International Criminal Court. On the 15th of December, representatives of the center will give a lecture in Gothenburg.
In connection to Russia's annexation of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 and its support of the secession of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions from Ukraine, the center began documenting cases of illegal detentions and other abuses against the civilian population in these areas.

After Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the center has focused on documenting the war crimes against the civilian population committed by Russian soldiers. The center has also documented the forced transfer of civilians from occupied Ukrainian territories to Russia.

Awarded for his research on the impact of auctions 

In 2020, the economist Paul Milgrom was awarded the economics prize in memory of Alfred Nobel for his research on auctions. Auctions play a vital role, for example, when a state wants to sell the rights to build mobile networks. On December 13, Paul Milgrom will come to Gothenburg to give a lecture on his research.
Paul Milgrom, professor at Stanford University, USA, was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank's prize in economic science in memory of Alfred Nobel, alongside his colleague Robert Wilson. They have both studied Auction Theory, i.e. the consequences of different rules for bidding and final price.
Johan Stennek, professor of economics at the University of Gothenburg, believes that the research has provided great societal benefit:
"It has become important for how the state proceeds when it sells certain assets, such as in 5G auctions in Sweden, but also how the state buys things like the cleaning or maintenance of roads. That is, how to organize government procurement and sales to get the best possible services for as little tax money as possible." 
All lectures will take place in English and are joint arrangement between the University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology. 
Text: Jenny Holmstrand, Chalmers University of Technology in cooperation with University of Gothenburg  ​